This chapter analyzes the factors fueling insurgency in the Niger Delta based on the threat hypothesis. It explores the trajectory of military deployment in Nigeria's oil-producing conflict-affected zones and examines the structure and modus operandi of the joint-military task force (JTF)deployed in the Niger Delta since at least 1993. The chapter discusses some epochs of Niger Delta insurgency vis-a-vis JTF operations and interrogates the impact of JTF activities in the Niger Delta. It explores that the long-term solution to the insurgency in the region lies in a nonmilitary and peaceful approach. The Nigerian state largely relies on a military approach in handling the Niger Delta insurgency rather than addressing the root causes. The chapter analyses JTF deployment in the contexts of three epochs of the Niger Delta insurgency: pre-amnesty, amnesty and post-amnesty. The cost of securing the region has doubled since the deployment of the JTF in the Niger Delta.