ABSTRACT
This chapter looks at overall employment changes in the national urban system, distinguishing the performance of the three urban zones of cores, rings and outer rings and also differentiating between the experience of the seven largest cities and the rest of urban Britain. A male–female split in employment trends gives some insight into the direct causes of the shifts in the urban system. The largest contrast between urban zones in rates of male and female employment change are found in the Million Cities. The method used to illustrate the pattern of sub-regional employment change is the total shift measurement taken from a shift-share analysis of sub-regional employment for both total employment and the disaggregation into male and female employment. The chapter also explores some of the principal employment trends affecting the main urban regions of Britain, based on Frost and Spence.
