ABSTRACT
In Indonesia, the provision of security is the domain of multiple state and non-state actors who use a broad spectrum of means to implement and maintain (their versions of) security. Many of these practices have historical roots, especially non-state actors who tend to incorporate new developments such as democracy and human rights into the discourse that legitimises their practices. As such, the notion of citizenship (kewarganegaraan) has become an important concept in sustaining a mixture of civil society, vigilantism and non-state violent practices. In this chapter I consider the resulting security blurs in terms of in- and exclusion, capacities of conditioning society and the resulting quality of citizenship, thereby arguing that the potential for stratifying consequences should not be ignored.
