ABSTRACT
The rapid evolution of information communication and technology has directly impacted the rise of globalisation that has increased trans-boundary mobility of people. In Europe, the establishment of the Schengen Area necessitated the screening of movements and travel of citizens from third countries across Schengen Area’s external border. The main drawback of adopting new technology especially at border points is associated with price and training of personnel. Existing smart border technologies are built on the concepts of Entry and Exit systems and the Registered Travellers Programme. The Mediterranean region was the first to adopt these smart border technological systems. While the screening of cross-border travellers is viewed as ‘sleeping with one eye’, it is largely inefficient in combating the rise in illegal migrants and travelling policy challenges. Cross-border travellers face various challenges when submitting their personal information for border control.
