ABSTRACT
This chapter suggests that Utopian thought recognizes human imperfection and the basic dualism in human nature: bonum et malum. It considers in broad terms two narratives of the Fall and their consequences for utopian thought. The chapter explores the consequences of the historical Fall and the emergence of the utopia of realized eschatology and the ethnographic utopia as two examples of how moral atonement in a spiritual and material sense could be achieved. It talks about the consequences of the existential Fall and its utopian possibilities in educational utopias. One common and continuous objection to the possibility of utopia is the conviction of the irredeemability of human nature (Hannah Arendt) and the existence of evil. In Utopia, moral transformation of mankind is dialectically entwined with political and structural transformation. Utopia's architectural symmetry and uniformity reflects and at the same time enforces social engineering and secular governance.
