ABSTRACT
This chapter explores the concept of family and its role as the context in which Indigenous children grow and develop, and as the fundamental building block of nations. Rationales for the development of early childhood programs and services for Indigenous children in Canada have shifted from ones of simply providing programs and services, to arguments of equity, and on to examining children within the context of family and community. The chapter identifies changes in political and policy leadership at the Federal level that have impacted the provision and nature of services for Canadian Indigenous children. This more holistic approach to Indigenous children’s health and well-being is congruent with Indigenous knowledge systems which may or may not be evidenced in structures and operationalization of early childhood programs and services.
