This chapter discusses religion and reconstruction in light of the African religio-cultural identity in the traditional and modern societies. The author examines the impact of colonialism and the missionary enterprise on the erosion of African identity in dialogue with African writers, comparing how India has retained its cultural identity despite westernization, modernization, and secularization. Finally, the chapter explores recent interests in the African religio-cultural identity and points out that these developments offer possibilities for a new approach to reconstruction theology in Africa.