This chapter focuses on one of the adopted strategies by the government of Algeria to control the rapid growth of Algerian cities through the application of the concept of “new city”. It provides an evaluation of this experiment, which consists in the creation of the new cities throughout the Algerian territory. Algeria is a country with a large territory and whose spatial structure is diversified. It has a littoral region formed by a coastal fringe, and a Tellian zone and another interior one, which is subdivided into two distinct entities: high plateaus and the Sahara desert. In addition, this new city was programmed in the schema National d’Amenagement du Territoire like a new urban centre. Algeria is one of the largest countries in Africa and its capital, the city of Algiers, suffers as most African capitals from the lack of enough close empty lands for an urbanization in the short and medium term.