ABSTRACT
Environmental strategy is increasingly becoming a competitive field across a global policy-scape. The new planetary league of environmental players features both public and private established competitors, while a third sector of global non-governmental organisations emerges to steal many games. The advent of international organisations has had implications for international business and national governments. International companies have been increasingly committing themselves to finding methods of building their business with environmental sustainability in mind. The World Business Council for Sustainable Development was founded in the mid-1990s from the merger of the Business Council for Sustainable Development and the World Industry Council on the Environment. The Council aims to move the discussion from awareness and criticism to solution-finding. For instance, in the UK, the Institute of Environmental Management (IEM), a private initiative, launched schemes to raise training standards. In 1994 the EU's Eco-Management and Auditing Scheme (EMAS), a voluntary approach aimed at larger private businesses, was established.
