ABSTRACT
This chapter concentrates on the United States, where a long upward surge in stock prices and a tax system that encourages gift-giving have created a new generation of philanthropists. The structure of partnerships post-World War II was initially defined by collaboration among nation states, notably in the forum of the United Nations. The surge in international grant-making by US foundations has given prominence to these partnerships, but cooperation between foundations and international agencies is not new: the Ford, Rockefeller, and MacArthur foundations were cooperating with multilateral institutions as long ago as the 1960s and 1970s. The MacArthur Foundation invested in universities in Africa and Asia, and is engaged in a foundation partnership to strengthen four universities in Nigeria. Many partnerships offer worthwhile opportunities for foundations to meet both their own institutional objectives and those of the multilateral partner.
