Control at Work: Issues of Specificity, Generality, and Legitimacy

All over in psychological writing, there seems to be much agreement that people profit from the conviction that they are able to influence their own affairs (e.g. Frese, 1989, Seligman, 1975, Flammer, 1990; Rotter, 1966). Its positive effect have, for instance, been shown for dealing with stress (Jerusalem & Schwarzer, 1992), enhancing learning and performance, and well-being in general (Bandura, 1992).