ABSTRACT
This chapter examines the literature on the neurotoxicological and behavioral effects of blood agent cyanide (CN) and its treatments. CN can act very rapidly to prevent the normal utilization of oxygen by tissues. The chapter discusses the factors that significantly alter the action of CN and may influence morbidity and mortality. It describes available information on the sublethal effects of CN on behavior and related parameters, as well as the behavioral effects of CN treatments and prophylactics. The effects of sublethal CN on behavior and function largely reflect agent-central nervous system (CNS) changes. CNS abnormalities range from headache and dizziness or unconsciousness, or both, to seizures, coma, and death. The CNS toxicity of CN is additive with that of carbon monoxide. Chronic administration of methemoglobin-forming compounds that form low amounts of methemoglobin can still produce functional changes in the CNS.
