ABSTRACT
In the last half of the previous century, many tasks that had been regarded as best accomplished by skilled workers have been shifted partially or entirely to computers. Examples can be found in nearly every domain, including assembly line operations, quality control, and financial planning. As technologies and knowledge have advanced, the tasks of scientists, engineers, and managers have become considerably more complex. Not surprisingly, there has been a tendency to apply computer technologies to the more complex and challenging tasks encountered by the user. Instructional design (ID)1 represents a collection of complex and challenging tasks.
