ABSTRACT
The goal in experimental research is to manipulate an independent variable (or variables) while controlling for other potential causes of variability in a given dependent variable. Researchers can answer a number of intriguing questions about nonverbal behavior by employing experimental manipulations using confederates. Indeed, experimental manipulations are often essential because they allow researchers to observe the ways people respond to nonverbal communication. By examining such responses, researchers obtain a better picture of the interactional nature of nonverbal cue use.
