ABSTRACT
Cognitive enhancement may be defined as the amplification or extension of core capacities of the mind through improvement or augmentation of internal or external information processing systems. The spectrum of cognitive enhancements includes not only medical interventions, but also psychological interventions (such as learned ‘tricks’ or mental strategies), as well as improvements of external technological and institutional structures that support cognition. A distinguishing feature of cognitive enhancements, however, is that they improve core cognitive capacities rather than merely particular skills or domain-specific knowledge.
