ABSTRACT
The most recent volcanoes of China are distributed generally in the north and west of the country (Jilin, Heilongjiang Provinces, Nei Mongolia, Tibet) or the south west (Hainan, Qiongzhou Strait, Tengchong). It is possible to find representatives of almost all types of former volcanic activity in these areas, from basaltic magmatic eruptions and phreatomagmatic explosions, strato and shield volcanoes, lava cones, pyroclastic cones (spatter cones, cinder cones), lava tubes and maars. An interesting feature of Chinese volcanoes is that they are designated as biosphere reserves, national parks or, increasingly, national or provincial geoparks. Several have also been designated Global Geoparks (Table CS12.1). As a consequence they are important tourism resources in educational and scenic terms, as well as for their current and/or past geothermal activity. Volcanoes of China
|
Location |
Type |
Height (Metres) |
Global geopark |
Last erupted |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Changbaishan (Baekdu), Jilin Province |
Stratovolcano |
2773 |
1702, 1994? |
|
|
Honggeertu, Nie Mongolia |
20 Cinder Cones |
1700 |
Holocene |
|
|
Jingbo, Heilongjiang Province |
Volcanic Field |
500 |
Yes |
520BC |
|
Keluo, Heilongjiang Province |
14 Pyroclastic Cones |
670 |
Holocene |
|
|
Kunlun Group, Tibet |
70 Pyroclastic Cones |
5608 |
1951 |
|
|
Leizhou Bandao Group, 480km SW of Hong Kong, northern part of Leiqiong global geopark |
Volcanic Field (Cenozoic basalts) |
259 |
Yes |
Holocene |
|
Longgang, Jilin Province |
150 Cinder Cones |
1000 |
350 |
|
|
Tengchong (Myanmar border area) |
97 Pyroclastic Cones (Burma Arc Microplate) and Rehai Geothermal Field |
2865 |
1609 (Hydrothermal eruptions post 1993) |
|
|
Tianshan, 440km W of Urumchi |
Volcanic Field |
– |
650 |
|
|
Turfan, 168km W of Urumchi |
Cone |
– |
1120 |
|
|
Unnamed, NW Tibet |
Volcanic Field |
5400 |
Holocene |
|
|
Wudalianchi, Heilongjiang Province |
14 Pyroclastic Cones |
597 |
Yes |
1776 |
|
Luishan Mud Volcano, Taiwan |
Mud & Gas Volcano |
– |
2009 |
|
|
Tatun Volcanic Group, 15km N of Taipei, Taiwan |
Hydrothermal |
1120 |
Constant, last major volcanic event Holocene |
|
|
Arshan, Nei Mongolia |
40+ Cinder Cones |
362 |
100 |
|
|
Datong, 265km W of Beijing |
6 Cinder Cones |
1422 |
450 |
|
|
Hainan Dong, N Hainan Island |
30+ Pyroclastic Cones, continuation of Leiqiong volcanic field global geopark |
– |
Yes |
1933 |
