ABSTRACT
Creativity has been a topic of interest to writers in different areas for many years, stretching back to antiquity. However, earlier discussions focused mainly on art, literature, music, dance, and similar areas, what we refer to later in this chapter as “aesthetic” or “artistic” creativity. This situation changed drastically about 50 years ago. The turning point was the successful launching in 1957 by the then-Soviet Union of the first artificial earth satellite, Sputnik I. In the United States of America and most North American-Western European societies, this event led to a wave of self-criticism that centered mainly on the argument that the Western world’s engineers had failed.
