ABSTRACT
Chapter 2 begins with a review of previous studies of Europeanisation and its impact on the transformation of national security and defence. In addition, the chapter focuses on the debate concerning the role of CSDP and its relation to the Europeanisation process and mechanisms of adjustment. The relevance of these studies is assessed – in particular, their success in establishing key factors related to the development of Europeanisation and associated mechanisms. The analysis relates its findings, via the process-tracing method, to ESS (2003), ESS report (2008), EU Global Strategy (EU GS) (2016) and ISS report (2014) in order to identify change and mechanisms that facilitate change in the formulation of defence and security policy. Such mechanisms are described/identified by Radaelli as Framing mechanisms (due to the absence of an EU model in CSDP) and (in the case of EU defence industry) as negative integration mechanisms. Inasmuch as these reports incorporate the short and long-term goals of states in the context of European Security and Internal Security, they can be seen as Europeanisation in security and defence. Hence, the introduction of these mechanisms and policies incorporates all major relevant factors (common Strategic Culture, new security identity, domestic political decision-making, industrial base, spending etc.) that contribute to the realisation of the CSDP.
