This chapter discusses the evolution of Greek Orthodoxy within the context of world historical globalization and concentrate on the contemporary dominant mentality within the Orthodox Church of Greece. It aims to shed light on the historical transformation of Greek Orthodoxy and subsequently place the historical path of the Orthodox Church of Greece within a broader historical landscape. While this incident shows the power of the association between religion and national identity in the nation's collective memory, contrary to the Greek public's perception, the officially sanctioned affiliation of the Orthodox Church of Greece with educational establishments does not predate the nineteenth century. The chapter explores the historical evolution of Greek Orthodoxy and discusses the manner in which the Orthodox Church of Greece appears to be adjusting contemporary globalization. It is important to specify that from the viewpoint of the conceptual lenses employed in the analysis, multiple modernities and their modernizations emerge in the context of broader long-term waves of historical globalization.