Breadcrumbs Section. Click here to navigate to respective pages.
Chapter

Chapter
The firm
DOI link for The firm
The firm book
The firm
DOI link for The firm
The firm book
ABSTRACT
This chapter describes a long term research project which author directed on football hooliganism and soccer casuals, what author have labelled 'the last of the working class subcultures to die'. In the late 1960s, Ian Taylor gave a paper at a national deviancy conference (NDC) entitled 'soccer consciousness and soccer hooliganism', later published in an influential collection of the presentations of the NDC. Critical criminology, including sub-disciplines such as cultural criminology, has found something of a new international direction in recent years having first emerged in the late 1960s out of the new deviancy conference in the United Kingdom. The university of Birmingham's centre for contemporary cultural studies (CCCS) entire original magum opus policing the crisis, together with new chapters, was afforded a new edition. Former inter-city firm (ICF) West Ham united football hooligan Cass Pennant's urban edge films, through their youtube channel top boys tv, have produced short videos on specific notorious football hooligan firms.