ABSTRACT
Modern-day cockpits and flight decks are highly complex working environments. Application of automation and technology are increasingly replacing traditional crew duties, while individual aircrew tasks shift towards system management. Human factors and human systems integration challenges persist and evolve with advancements in human–machine interface, complex multifunction displays and reliance on automation and intelligent systems design. Aerospace medicine practitioner must have a functional understanding of the modern-day challenges to pilots and aircrew; regularly flying with crews and observing operations from the flight deck are supremely important. Design improvements and enhancements aid pilots to make the right decision at the right time with high-fidelity situational awareness. Modern-day aircraft cockpits are designed for ease of use and ability to present the pilot with the correct information at the right time. Cockpit ergonomics are generally engineered to support the 95% of anthropometric population that range with static, dynamic, contour and ‘eye datum point’ considerations.
