ABSTRACT
This chapter aims to understand which combinations of explanatory conditions account for the qualitative differences between different types of reverse process: a loss of democratic quality, or a transition from democracy to a hybrid or authoritarian regime, i.e. a transition from democratic rule. It presents a differentiation between the context and proximate factors as an appropriate analytical strategy. The chapter explains the choice of the fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analyses and introduces the calibration process. It discusses the results of the analysis and introduces the rationale of a post-Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) process-tracing. The distinction between two qualities of explanatory factors will be implemented through QCA, which mirrors equifinal and conjunctural causal structures which identify various alternatives of complex configurations of conditions. In QCA, the central aim of calibration is to assign fuzzy values to cases. The calibration of the type of party system is carried out through theoretical criteria, based on, among others, G. V. Golosov's work.
