ABSTRACT
The consequences were massive land losses for the “weaker” ones, military interventionism with loss of life, and policies enacted that would undermine peaceful relations in the early centuries of nation-building. The Drago Doctrine that was formulated in response to European violations of sovereignty, as well as the call for anti-interventionism articulated as part of Pan-Americanism were much more effective “weapons” to demand respect for the sovereignty of weaker states. Nationalists and elites displaced from power in Latin-American countries rejected interventionistic monroísmo as an unauthorized violation of sovereignty. Latin Americans also attempted to modify the Monroe Doctrine by invoking the sovereignty principle. Its interventionistic components were sharply criticized in numerous articles, essays, and manuscripts. The Latin-American Republics also used this interpretation as a legitimation aid at the Pan American conferences. However, the sought-after legalization of respect for national sovereignty was not achieved in the context of an Inter-American convention until 1933.
