Strange was the manner in which Pakistan passed the first year of its life. The barely organized government faced a flood of problems on one hand and on the other made very successful efforts to fill the void in the state machinery. Pakistan had trade agreements with India. At the same time a war was going on between the two countries, yet India had control over the finances and currency of Pakistan. The State Bank of Pakistan was a symbol of Pakistan's economic sovereignty. The Red Shirt leaders had opposed the creation of Pakistan up to the day of independence. Muhammad Ali Jinnah wanted to know whether they were willing to accept the reality of Pakistan and change their former attitude and work in building the new country. In the beginning of May, 1948, Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan attended the meeting of the Constituent Assembly and took the oath of allegiance to Pakistan.