This chapter addresses the challenges that the United States faces, both the external threats of adversaries and competitors, as well as the internal structural impediments posed by their own government. It examines some of the United States' enduring strengths and the opportunities that they provide them in confronting these challenges. From the increased risk of great power ­competition and conflict to the persistent threat posed by non-state actors and the recent shocks to the liberal international order, it is hard to imagine a more complicated security landscape. The United States faces an array of challenges that often compete with one another for policymakers' attention and resources. These external threats emanate from great powers, regional actors, terrorist groups, as well as unforeseen or unpredictable developments across the globe. The chapter concludes by offering recommendations to improve their strategic position and frame their national security discussion going forward. The United States is a strong financial power, maintaining the world's largest economy.