This chapter looks at 'good governance' and the role of civil society organisations in reform processes and European Union (EU)–China diplomatic relations, with a particular focus on recent developments regarding civil society in the EU and in China. Furthermore, it will attempt to identify some possible paths for further cooperation, inter alia in the framework of the People-to-People Dialogue. The chapter addresses the following questions: what are the promises of the promotion of good governance of the EU? Which incentives can there be for countries which are geographically and politically afar, like China? How can the EU further support civil society without being accused of interference in domestic affairs? It argues that a focus on 'good governance' approaches may be useful to support the growing non-governmental organization (NGO) community in China. Good governance may enable NGOs to contribute to effective policymaking and implementation in China with the support of the EU.