Oral candidiasis is often associated with the very young, very old, medically compromised and/or immunocompromised. In denture stomatitis, incorporation of antifungal agents into a denture liner such as a tissue conditioner allows the inflamed and injured tissue to recover. The development of resistance is a consideration when treating a microbial infection. It has been found that biofilm formation on teeth and devices such as heart valves and catheters reduces the concentration of the drug by trapping it in a glucan-rich matrix polymer. Nanoscience focuses on the observation, study and manipulation of phenomena at the nanometre scale, while nanotechnology utilizes the unique properties of nanomaterials in the development and application of nanomaterial systems. Green nanotechnology is a branch of green technology that utilizes and incorporates the main principles and concepts of green chemistry and green engineering in the design and development of green nanomaterial production methods for application in various areas.