This chapter explores the emerging ways in which we are beginning to think about men and masculinity. Research in the field implicitly accepts that, when discussing men, we are automatically involved in the discussion of masculinity. This chapter begins to unpack this claim by questioning whether masculinity can exist without sex or whether gender (sex) can exist without masculinity? In the context of studying men, there is currently a compunction that male subjectivities and practices have to be explained by a concept of masculinity. The consequence of resisting the regulatory regime of dyadic gender theory is that a move beyond ‘masculinity’ as a conceptual and empirical default position is required. One common theme that frames this question is that men’s lives might not be understood through particular masculinities and that other social categories and their intersections might be useful ways through which to understand men. As a consequence, male behaviours, attitudes and practices can no longer be simple indicators of masculinity (or even gender). This resonates with post-structural readings of representation that question the presumption of self-evident and fixed meaning.