Of all the different levels of, higher education has emerged as a focal point for nurturing education entrepreneurship for economic development and a new breed of entrepreneurs well worth studying. This chapter shows how an assessment of the value and role of higher education institutions (HEIs) promotes an appreciation of the contexts in which they can play a part in advancing entrepreneurship and innovation for both regional and global economic development and social transformation. The chapter identifies and analyses the strategies and mechanisms adopted by HEIs to support entrepreneurship and innovation and the evolution and function of entrepreneurial universities in entrepreneurial ecosystems.