Sociological human ecologists have generally been much more inclined to accept urbanism as a viable mode of human sustenance organization. The knowledge, perspectives, and skills of the sociological human ecologist have been recognized for their policy potential. The human species in particular is capable of becoming so behaviorally differentiated that it is as if it were divided into many species. Interactions between human roles, or between different labor-force occupations, are functionally equivalent to the interactions between diverse species. Temporarily the made possible a dramatic increase in the quantity of energy per capita per year by which human beings could do the various things they wanted to do. The public debate launched by President Carter’s energy policy messages in 1977 is ultimately a debate over whether to curtail human dominance. There are, of course, various other paths that might be chosen by sociological human ecologists who want the policy relevance of their work to be felt.