ABSTRACT
CONTENTS 12.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 340 12.2 Problem Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 340 12.3 Issues in Participatory Sensing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341
12.3.1 Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341 12.3.2 Coordination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 342 12.3.3 Privacy and Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 342 12.3.4 Human Concerns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 344 12.3.5 Participants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 344
12.5 Privacy-Oriented Approaches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 356 12.6 Participatory Sensing Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365 12.7 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 370
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 372
With the increasing availability of smartphones and other mobile devices with sensing capabilities, a class of problems known as participatory sensing is becoming increasingly popular. Participatory sensing refers to a sensing system in which humans voluntarily participate in the system, actively contributing to sensing, either by passively carrying devices or actively engaging in sensing. With respect to opportunistic networks, humans make mobility and decision making difficult to implement in dedicated sensor networks. Participatory sensing is also a more scalable solution since the costs are far lower than the costs associated with deploying a dedicated larger or computationally intensive sensor network. However, by involving humans, many issues must be addressed in designing a participatory sensing system. In this chapter we discuss several issues in participatory sensing system design, then introduce several papers on existing systems and study lessons that can be applied to designing a new system. Finally, we conclude by presenting our own participatory sensing system and results from its simulations.1
