This final chapter focuses on three themes related to fostering the development of young children with a view to their future lives as citizens in a rapidly changing world. Tolerance, social justice, and sustainability are important, critical issues that even young children are capable of addressing and understanding at some level. Unlike the rest of the book, this chapter includes a deep discussion of these three topics and does not contain activities, planning webs, or end-of-chapter practical ideas. Instead, it gives readers an opportunity to think more deeply about the issues underlying the book’s previous chapters and their future use of its ideas in the teaching of young children.