This introduction presents an overview of the key concepts discussed in the subsequent chapters of this book. The book represents the breadth of work being done at the intersection of Culture, Learning and Technology (CLT). It defines critical pedagogy, introduces its key concepts and premises, explores tensions and resonance between the priorities of critical pedagogy and educational technology, and suggests an initial approach toward reconciling the fields. The book also explores the progress made by the instructional technology (IT) community over the past decade in acknowledging and responding to issues connected to cultural diversity among those impacted by its research and practice. It also uses Critical Cosmopolitan Theory to examine the design and delivery of a global hip-hop music course for secondary students in Australia. The book investigates the use of an online cultural learning module that was designed according to Merrill's First Principles of Instruction.