ABSTRACT

Despite our evolutionary progress of rational transcendence (including the technological advancements that some regard as rendering us posthuman cyborgs), we still essentially and dependently belong to a much wider natural and social world that continues to shape the individuals we are (including our reasoning consciousness) in ways beyond the control of our will and consciousness. As oxygen is necessary for consciousness in the brain, so the practices, norms, and language of society are necessary materials for our processes of reasoning and evaluation. It is not moral perfectionism but blind arrogance to think otherwise.