This part introduction presents an overview of the key concepts discussed in the subsequent chapters. The part attempts to convey the depths of the Germans’ frustration and pain by comparing the situation in Germany after the fall of the Berlin Wall to that facing the United States at the end of the Civil War, when a nation divided was reunited across a deep emotional divide. It explores various reasons why many East Germans collaborated in the state’s efforts to control them. The part discusses the various factors that account for the rise of rightist violence among youth in Germany. Historically, in their political thought, however, Germans have longed for harmony and perfection. Many Germans from the new eastern states are struggling to keep their jobs and a sense of security. The strong “cradle-to-grave” social net that the East German government provided, including the guarantee of a job, is gone.