ABSTRACT
The history of the relationship of Islamists and communists is determined by the first moment that is reflected in Al-Manar. The turning point between the different relationship forms is determined by the role given to two fundamental factors: religion and nation. In addition to the assumptions, other factors determine the interaction, up to the point that the history of the convergenze parallele between Communists and Islamists makes a distinctive form of Arab post-modernity in the 1980s: a civic Islamism with Gramscian roots. The communist and Islamist rejection to bourgeois-liberal democracy in the years prior to the Second World War united them in their declared opposition to the first post-colonial regimes and, after the war, channelled a popular discontent that revitalized both movements. The communist and Islamist women saw that the active role that they had been playing in their parties and associations before the revolution had no equivalent in the ways of representation established by the new Republican regime.
