Melanie Klein came to believe that two broad formations successively organize the child's inner world: 'the paranoid-schizoid position' and the 'the depressive position'. While she ascribes them initially to the first and second half year of life Klein views these 'positions' as constellations of anxieties, defences, and object relations which are reactivated continually throughout development. The paranoid-schizoid position is established before the achievement of object constancy. Klein began her psychoanalytic career by developing a technical innovation - play therapy - which permitted the analysis of very young children. The cement for internal integration is the child's growing confidence in the reparative powers of his love. While Klein's play therapy technique became universally accepted, her conclusions generated intense controversy and led to a schism within the psychoanalytic community. As psychoanalysis struggles to conceptualize more primitive mental states, Klein's formulations are increasingly being integrated into the main body of analytic thought.