ABSTRACT
Digital spaces and smart environments within intelligent cities enable companies to Build Their Own Innovation Ecosystems (BOWIE). BOWIEs are custom ecosystems of innovation created by communities and virtually connected actors around the value chain of a company. This chapter describes how BOWIEs are set up with respect to lessons learnt from three pilot projects dealing with open innovation and smart environments. CROSS-INNO-CUT was an Interreg project about use of ICTs to reduce costs in 15 areas of business activity, including use of social media for marketing and market creation. INTERVALUE was a southeast Europe project about the valorisation of academic R&D and use of Web-based repositories for technology acquisition and innovation. PEOPLE was a project of the European Union (EU) Competitiveness and Innovation Programme (CIP) about the making of smart city ecosystems by user-driven innovation. The smart city environments described by IBM as interconnected, instrumented, and intelligent become proper environment for the combined rise of intention, pull, and attention economies.
