Considering the governance systems prevalent in a majority of the Asia-Pacific economies, scholars comment that these nations have a long way to go before they can be considered at par with their Western counterparts on management professionalism. In such conditions a possible way forward is to further enhance their levels of innovation, research and development and further generate their own foreign direct investment. Such developments have serious implications for the human resource management (HRM) function in the region, especially when human resources (HR) are known to play a significant role in the economic development of nations. This chapter provides a historical development in HRM/industrial relations/personnel management/personnel administration in their country. It highlights the role, the importance of, and the level of business-HR partnership in most companies in the country. The chapter also presents an overview of the key concepts discussed in this book.