There Is No Alternative to Cartography

In modern grammatical thinking, a clause has a “Functional Structure” (F-structure), a spine consisting of some number of non-lexical heads, perhaps as many as 150, with the lexical verb at the bottom. If we number these heads 0,…n and reserve 0 for the lexical head, then a clause is a sequence F_n…F₀. If we embed a clause beneath a lexical verb, as in (1), we have two F-structures, and we have a boundary between them, the “F_n/F₀ boundary,” circled here: (1

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