The first report on a mesenteric cyst was published by an Italian anatomist in 1507. Since then, the origin and classification of mesenteric and omental cysts have been a matter of debate. Until today, the terminology is still descriptive of anatomic location without information as to the specific histology or pathology of mesenteric, mesothelial, or omental cysts. Several authors suggested differentiating cystic lymphangiomas from mesenteric and omental cysts. Lymphangiomas represent approximately 90" of the cysts encountered in the mesenterium and omentum of the neonate. They are characterized by multiple thin-walled cystic spaces with a distinct endothelial lining similar to that seen in the subcutaneous location. Mesothelial cysts are less common but represent the majority of nonlymphangiomatous congenital cysts encountered in the omentum. Enteric duplication cysts are not included under the heading of mesenteric cysts but should be mentioned due to their frequent neonatal presentation, mesenteric location, and occasional similarity in appearance.