Intelligence is a complex of capabilities and abilities that supports the continuous improvement and optimization of performance. Mindfulness training at first develops focused attention and subsequently develops an open monitoring of internal and external stimuli, resulting in an increased capacity to perform. This chapter focuses on cognitive, emotional, social, and spiritual intelligences. Physical intelligence is the ability to use one's body in highly differentiated and skilled ways. The chapter highlights the need to address project or program management complexity and uncertainty through cognitive readiness. Mindfulness can result in greater social intelligence, sensitivity to the way others are feeling, and the space to make the moment-to-moment decisions that are the foundation for managing relationships. As mindfulness meditation has become popular and used in organizations, including the United States Army, Google, and business consultants in the West, psychologists and others have drawn distinctions between Eastern and Western approaches.