ABSTRACT
In order to find exoplanets that are not accessible with indirect detection methods and to characterize exoplanets, we have to detect and analyse the starlight that these planets reflect and/or the thermal radiation that they emit. In this chapter, we describe how planetary characteristics, such as atmospheric composition and structure, influence spectral features in the flux and degree of polarization of the planetary radiation, and what should be taken into account when modelling the planetary radiation.
