ABSTRACT

For example, it is not uncommon for a processor to

perform cryptographic functions for DES, 3DES, RSA

1024-bit, and SHA-1, to name a few.

Variable power (2.7 to 5.5 V)—Given advances in today’s IC substrate, many cards will operate below

3 V, offering longer life and greater efficiencies.

Alternatively, they can also operate up to 5.5 V to

accommodate old card readers and systems.