ABSTRACT
A wide range of antibiotics, vitamins, amino acids, fine chemicals, and foodstuffs are manufactured biochemically. Detoxification of industrial and domestic waste water is also carried by biochemical means. The heart of a biochemical process is the reactor. In a bioreactor, the transformation of raw materials into desired products is carried out by the enzyme systems, living microorganisms or by isolated enzymes. The reaction products are formed by three basic processes, namely
1. The product is produced by the cells either as extracelluar or intracellular. Examples of the former include alcohols or citric acid production, and examples of the latter are metabolite or enzyme production.
