ABSTRACT
Maxwell’s equations provide the starting point for studies of the propagation of electromagnetic waves through the propagation medium. Maxwell’s field equations may be expressed as:
(2.1)
where is the magnetic field intensity, the position vector,
t
the time, and the bar under the variable is the symbol for a three-dimensional vector. The other vector field quantities are the electric field intensity, E(
r,t
), electric flux density, D(
r,t
), and magnetic flux density, B(
r,t
). A vector variable without the under bar symbol represents the magnitude of the vector. The remaining variables, and
ρ
, are current density (a vector) and volume charge density, respectively.
