ABSTRACT
This review considers the role of nutrition in the development of alcohol-related brain dysfunction. Particular attention is paid to the serotonergic modulation of brain function and the role of tryptophan metabolism, including the dynamic relationship between the neurotoxic and neuroprotective effects of tryptophan metabolism, via the kynurenine pathway. The mechanisms of thiamine deficit-related brain disease are also reviewed, and commonalities between these cytotoxic mechanisms and the neurotoxicity/neuroprotection effects of tryptophan metabolism are discussed. The potential for therapeutic approaches of manipulating and providing dietary supplementation is explored by reference to existing and new strategies which might be developed to support the behavioral therapies employed to help in the rehabilitation of alcohol misusers. These issues are considered within the context of nutritional deficiencies and developmental challenges, which occur in socially excluded populations and include a commentary on the utility of automated neuropsychological assessments.
