ABSTRACT
The development of resistance to pesticides is generally considered to be one of the most serious obstacles to effective pest control today.
The first case was recognized in 1908 by Melander (1914), who noted an unusual degree of survival of San Jose scale (Quadraspidiotus perniciosus (Comstock)) after treatment with lime sulfur in Clarkston Valley of Washington. Oppenoorth (1965) has written a comprehensive review of the earlier studies of biochemical genetics of insecticide resistance. Newer issues in the “Annual Reviews” series regularly have articles about resistance in plants, insects, and pathogens (e.g., Hemingway and Ranson, 2000; Huang et al., 1999; Wilson, 2001). Anber’s Ph.D. thesis (1989) gives a short and well-written introduction to the resistance problem, and the book The Future Role of Pesticides in U.S. Agriculture (Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources and Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology, 2000) also describes the problem.
