ABSTRACT

In cement plants, the use of agricultural and industrial wastes is becoming increasingly important, on account of both economic considerations and environmental compulsions. The economic considerations arise from the fact that the costs of raw materials and fuels comprise as much as 50% of the total operating costs in most of the plants and, therefore, alternative fuels and raw materials with cheaper cost implications find an important role to play. The environmental compulsions occur due to enormous increases in the generation of wastes that require safe and gainful modes of recycling.