ABSTRACT
As a separate branch of mathematics with its own problems and methods of investigation, mathematical statistics was formed, actually, only at the beginning of the twentieth century. However, some separate statistical problems were studied much earlier-in the nineteenth, eighteenth and even in seventeenth centuries. The term statistics comes from the Latin word status which means "state." When statistics originally began to take shape as a scientific discipline in the eighteenth century, the term statistics was associated with the system of collecting facts describing the state of a country. The collecting of statistical data concerning populations’ state and growth was begun. It is known that the emperor Yao took a census of China's population in 2238 B.C. A number of problems arise during a statistical analysis. In particular, the test planning itself is one of the main problems of modern mathematical statistics.
